Optical Grade Germanium for Infrared & Other Research

university wafer substrates

Optical Grade Germanium

Germanium is non-hygroscopic, non-toxic susbstate. Germanium is a Infrared Material (IR) and is found in the following devices.

  • Imaging systems and instruments
  • Lenses
  • Windows
  • Output coupler
  • Pulsed TEA
  • CO2 lasers.
  • Laser applications

Get Your Quote FAST!

 

Please send us your specs and quantity for an immediate quote.

Or buy online here: Optical Germanium

What is Optical Grade Germanium (Ge)?

Optically grade germanium is required for high performance thermal imaging electro-optical systems. The material is widely used in thermal imaging systems and has become the predominant optical component. There are no specifications for optical grade germanium in the government-industry complex, so each lens system designer must specify its characteristic properties. In this article, we will describe the characteristics of this precious metal and discuss its use in various applications. This paper is intended for researchers, educators, and industrialists.

Optical grade germanium is available in monocrystalline or polycrystalline forms. The difference in refractive index is caused by the presence of dislocations, slip planes, and different sizes of crystals. This material can also be n-type. Its n-type absorption coefficient is lower than that of p-type germanium and is thus suitable for IR applications. Other properties of optical grade materials include good thermal conductivity and internal transmittance. The temperature-dependent refractive index of germanium can be determined from the following table:

Optical grade germanium can be polycrystalline or monocrystalline. The crystal size and dislocation patterns can change the optical prosperities. Some types of germanium are n-type. The n-type has lower absorption coefficient and is suitable for IR applications. Both n-type and p-type germanium exhibit good thermal conductivity and internal transmittance. In addition, optical grade has a high refractive index which is temperature dependent.

Optical grade germanium is available in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline forms. They vary in thickness and diameter. Optical grade germanium is often used in the optics industry, where it is suitable for lasers, photographic lenses, and microscope objective lenses. Additionally, it is ultra-sensitive to heat and light and is semi-conductive. As a result, it can be subject to anti-reflection coating, making it a suitable material for various window applications.

In addition to optical grade germanium, this metal is inherently safe to handle. It is a low-temperature metal, with low-toxicity levels and a high refractive index. In addition to its high refractive index, it is also resistant to a wide range of heat, and is ideal for a range of optical applications. Further, it is inert to air and has a very high dielectric constant.

Optical grade germanium is a hard material that can be used for many different applications. Depending on the application, it is used in various electronic devices, such as fluorescent lamps. In addition to optical components, it is also used to make alloys. It is used in a variety of applications in the optics industry. Among its uses are lasers, microscope objective lenses, and wide-angle photographic lenses. Despite its high refractive index, it is highly sensitive to heat, so it requires an anti-reflective coating to protect against the glare of sunlight.

Optical grade germanium is monocrystalline or polycrystalline in structure. Its absorption coefficient is lower than that of other crystals, which makes it suitable for IR applications. However, it is also a good material for a range of other applications, such as infrared sensors. Its high refractive index enables it to be used in a wide range of products. It is a perfect choice for many applications.

Optical grade germanium is a strong and durable material with a high refractive index. It is a versatile material that can be shaped into a variety of shapes and sizes. Because it has a high refractive index, it is widely used in lens systems for thermal imaging. Further, it can be AR-coated with Diamond to make it very tough as a front optic. This makes it an excellent choice for a variety of applications.

Optical grade germanium is a strong and durable material. Its properties make it a useful material for infrared applications. It can also be used in military and defence equipment. Its refractive index is 2.0. Hence, Germanium windows are widely used in a wide range of products. If you are looking for an optical grade germanium window, you should look for a supplier that can meet your needs.

Germanium is a very good material for electromagnetic interference shielding. A special type of this material is called EMI grade, and its main purpose is to prevent electromagnetic interference from entering the glass. The EMI grade Germanium is used for a variety of applications, including infrared displays and radars. It is also used for IR systems. Its low resistance makes it an excellent material for IR protection. You can make it yourself or buy a pre-cut.

What are Optical Grade Germanium (Ge) Research?

Optical Grade Germanium (Ge) is used in optical designs where a high index is required, such as for highly efficient infrared imaging. Germanium has proven to be an ideal material for a wide range of optical applications, from low-energy imaging to high-efficiency spectroscopy. In the range of 2 - 12 Wei m, germanium is one of the most widely used materials for the production of ball lenses and is also used for optical design where high indices are required. [Sources: 2, 3, 8]

Quantum cascades for the production of ribbons - structural engineering with QC lasers offers a wide range of applications in the field of high-performance materials and materials science and technology. They can be found at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Garching as well as at a number of universities and research institutes in Germany and around the world. The Quantum Cascade for the manufacture of strip structures for the technique produced with quantum cascade lasers (QC) offers a wide range of applications for a wide range of applications, such as strip structure and materials science, but also for the development of new materials for use in medical applications. [Sources: 4, 6]

The transmission curve at the top of the next page shows the transmission curves of a quantum cascade laser beam in a band structure. The largest elements have been produced so far: surfaces 12 and 15 mm long with an optical axis running parallel to the edge 15 mm long, 5 mm of which are in the beam path and which are polished at 20 - 10 s / d. [Sources: 5, 6]

This number refers to the deviation from the ideal plane surface and is measured by measuring the distance between the edge of the beam path and the surface at 20 - 10 s / D. D., London. This number is considered sufficiently accurate to extrapolate up to 40um. The calculations and equations can be evaluated as long as there is no deviation of more than 20um from an ideal surface of 15 mm length and 5 mm width. [Sources: 0, 3]

It is recommended to use antireflective coatings and has minimal chromatic aberration due to low dispersion. Standard Optical Grade Ge has a temperature of 10 - 6 - 25 C and should also be easily accessible for images with a wide wavelength range from 0.5 - 10 mm to 100 - 200 mm. It can also be imaged with high resolution at a resolution of 1,000 - 2,500 pixels. [Sources: 0, 3, 5]

The growing need for data to send and receive drives the need for germanium to be incorporated into more fiber optic cables. [Sources: 1]

We are looking forward to helping you with your requirements for optical crystal components and to offering you a wide range of high-quality germanium crystal components for use in your products. We are specialists in the production of optical special components and have a long history of producing high-quality, high-performance and cost-effective optical crystals and components. On our website Germanium Window Lenses for Thermography you can produce a variety of different glass lenses, lenses and lenses in different shapes and sizes. A detailed description of the process and specifications for each type can be found on the germanium - window - linses - thermology website. [Sources: 2, 4, 6, 7]

UV-transmitting substrates, UV-compatible quartz glass (UVFS) are the most widely used substrates and excimer-compatible FS is used in applications up to 193 nm. In cases where low UV transmission is required, mgf2 is often used because it has the best transmission at shorter UV wavelengths. We offer a wide range of high quality germanium crystal components for use in your products and are available in a variety of shapes, sizes and shapes in various shapes and sizes. [Sources: 2, 8]


The prism can be made of almost any material that can effectively transmit the wavelengths required for certain applications. The polarized optical cube prism insulator consists of a combination of germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) in the form of a hexagonal prism. [Sources: 6, 7]

The optical component is available in various shapes: electroplating is able to guide N - BK7 silicon lenses in convex and concave formats. [Sources: 4, 7]

Germanium (Ge) is one of the most popular materials in the field of infrared applications. Tydex uses germanium, which has the best transmission in the range of 2 - 15% and is also used in other applications. [Sources: 0, 4]

The fluoride, which is discussed in the UV, VIS and NIR substrate sections, also transmits infrared light (approx. 5%). This means that it has the same IR transmission characteristics as ZnS, but can also transmit the full VIS / Nir spectrum. Ge is a good choice for systems that operate in a wide range of wavelengths, such as infrared, ultraviolet, visual and UV light. [Sources: 5, 8]

This is because it can be embedded in a wide wavelength range such as infrared, ultraviolet, VIS and NIR. [Sources: 4, 5]

Due to their high refractive index, Ge-lenses are ideal for IR imaging systems operating in Huo Yuan's atmospheric windows. Huo Yuan meniscus lenses are made from AMTIR C1 germanium substrates with coating. Due to the higher refractory index, they are suitable for an IR imaging system that works on atmospheric windows from 3.5 to 8 to 12 micrometers. [Sources: 2, 4, 6]

Sources:

[0]: https://www.shanghai-optics.com/components/infrared-optics/germanium-window/

[1]: https://www.miningnewsnorth.com/page/fiber-optics-solar-drive-germanium-demand/5751.html

[2]: https://medium.com/@hypoptics/optical-window-32195f0634cb

[3]: https://www.reading.ac.uk/ir-infraredmaterials-ge.aspx

[4]: http://www.tydexoptics.com/materials1/for_transmission_optics/germanium/

[5]: https://docplayer.net/21003202-Umicore-germanium-optics-leading-the-way-in-infrared-optics.html


[7]: https://www.businessmagnet.co.uk/company/infraredoptics-69407.htm

[8]: http://rmico.com/optics-tutorial